Tuesday 16 October 2012

Purism

Purism, referring to the arts, was a movement that took place between 1918-1925 that influenced French painting and architecture. Purism was led by Amedee Ozenfant and Charles Edouard Jeanneret (Le Corbusier). Ozenfant and Jeanneret created a variation of Cubist movement and called it Purism


Amédée Ozenfan
Amédée Ozenfant (15 April 1886 – 4 May 1966) was a French cubist painter.
He was born into a bourgeois family in Saint-Quentin, Aisne and was educated at Dominican colleges in Saint-Sébastien. After completing his education he returned to Saint-Quentin and began painting in watercolour and pastels.
In 1904 he attended a drawing course run by Jules-Alexandre Patrouillard Degrave at the Ecole Municipale de Dessin Quentin Delatour in Saint-Quentin. In 1905 he travelled to Paris, where he studied the decorative arts, first with Maurice Pillard Verneuil and later with Charles Cottet. He also befriended Roger de La Fresnaye and André Dunoyer de Segonzac.
   

Juan Gris
José Victoriano (Carmelo Carlos) González-Pérez (March 23, 1887 – May 11, 1927), also known as Juan Gris , was a Spanish painter and sculptor who lived and worked in France most of his life. His works, which are closely connected to the emergence of an innovative artistic genre Cubism are among the movement's most distinctive.
 

albert gleizes


Albert Gleizes (Paris, 8 December 1881 – Avignon, 23 June 1953), was a French artist, theoretician, philosopher, a founder of Cubism and an influence on the School of Paris. Albert Gleizes and Jean Metzinger wrote the first major treatise on Cubism, Du "Cubisme", 1912. Gleizes was a founding member of the Section d'Or group of artists. He was also a member of Der Sturm, and his many theoretical writings were originally most appreciated in Germany, where especially at the Bauhaus his ideas were given thoughtful consideration. Gleizes spent four crucial years in New York, and played an important role in making America aware of modern art. He was a member of the Society of Independent Artists, founder of the Ernest-Renan Association, and both a founder and participant in the Abbaye de Creteil. Gleizes exhibited regularly at Léonce Rosenberg’s Galerie de l’Effort Moderne in Paris; he was also a founder, organizer and director of Abstraction-Création. 

 
Cubism
Cubism is an early-20th-century avant-garde art movement pioneered by Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque, and later joined by Juan Gris, Jean Metzinger, Albert Gleizes, Robert Delaunay, Henri Le Fauconnier, and Fernand Léger, that revolutionized European painting and sculpture, and inspired related movements in music, literature and architecture. Cubism has been considered the most influential art movement of the 20th century. The term is broadly used in association with a wide variety of art produced in Paris (Montmartre, Montparnasse) and Puteaux during the 1910s and extending through the 1920s. 


Georges Braque
Georges Braque was born on 13 May 1882, in Argenteuil, Val-d'Oise. He grew up in Le Havre and trained to be a house painter and decorator like his father and grandfather. However, he also studied artistic painting during evenings at the École des Beaux-Arts, in Le Havre, from about 1897 to 1899. In Paris, he apprenticed with a decorator and was awarded his certificate in 1902. The next year, he attended the Académie Humbert, also in Paris, and painted there until 1904. It was here that he met Marie Laurencin and Francis Picabia.
 

Pablo Picasso


Pablo Ruiz y Picasso, known as Pablo Picasso ( 25 October 1881 – 8 April 1973), was a Spanish painter,sculptor, printmaker, ceramicist, and stage designer who spent most of his adult life in France. As one of the greatest and most influential artists of the 20th century, he is widely known for co-founding the Cubist movement, the invention of constructed sculpture, the co-invention of collage, and for the wide variety of styles that he helped develop and explore. Among his most famous works are the proto-Cubist Les Demoiselles d'Avignon(1907), and Guernica (1937), a portrayal of the German bombing of Guernica during the Spanish Civil War.
Les Demoiselles d'Avignon (1907)